ABSTRACT
Integration in medical education means coordination in the teaching learning activities to ensure a harmonious functioning of the educational process.1 Integration of eaching is defined as the organisation of teaching matter to interrelate or unify the subjects which are frequently taught in separate academic courses or departments.2 It means bridging or clubbing together connections between academic knowledge and practicals.3 It is often called by other terminologies like synergistic teaching, inter-connected teaching, thematic teaching because on the same topic different subject experts /same teacher will deliver their knowledge at the same time. Shoemaker has defined, an integrated curriculum as “education that is organized in such a way that it cuts across subject matter lines, bringing together various aspects of the curriculum into meaningful association to focus upon broad areas of study.”4 By integration the ossification of different boundaries is lost and the subject loses its own identity due to correlation with other departments in related subject matter. Objectives: 1.To study the level of Pre-existing knowledge of 1st year MBBS students regarding thyroid gland. 2. To assess the difference between the traditional and integrated lecture method of teaching on thyroid gland. Methods: This is a cross-sectional interventional study conducted in the lecture theatre of S.C.B. Medical College, Cuttack, amongst the 1st year MBBS students of the 2017-18 batch. A total of 240 students participated in the study and they were equally divided into 2 groups based on random allocation. Results: 6.27 ± 2.32 and 5.41 ± 1.81 are the mean marks secured in pre-test by Gp-A and Gp-B respectively. The difference in the mean marks secured in pre-test is not found to be statistically significant. Out of the120 Gp-A students the mean marks secured in pre test and post test was 6.27 ± 2.32 and 15.31 ± 1.54 respectively. A comparative analysis in the total marks secured in post test of Gp-A and Gp-B showed that, Gp-A students secured remarkably more marks in post test than Gp-B and this was found statistically significant. Conclusion: Integrated learning helps the students to understand and correlate the different clinical problems/cases and enhances clinical learning. On long term basis it helps to improve the academic standard of the doctors, improve diagnosis of diseases and management providing better health care.
ABSTRACT
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) places extraordinary challenges in the way of survival, growth and development of the child under five years of age. Our aim was to evaluate the functioning and performance of facility based management of SAM children admitted in the nutrition rehabilitation centre (NRC) and to identify the existing bottlenecks in the NRC.Methods: Children above 1 month and less than 5 years of age with severe acute malnutrition were included during the study period. Demographic details of the SAM children, clinical features during admission were recorded. Anthropometric measurements like MUAC, weight, height/length and WHZ scores were taken at admission and compared with the findings at discharge. Statistical analysis: the data after collection, compilation was analysed by SPSS.Results: Majority 277 (78.47%) of them belonged to rural areas. 300 (85%) SAM children were referred by medical officers. Bilateral oedema was recorded in 12 (17.9%) admitted children during 2014-2015, 22 (17.9%) children in 2015-2016 and in 37 (22.7%) children during 2016-2017. There was significant improvement in the mean weight (kg) and mean MUAC (cm) at discharge was in comparison to the weight and MUAC of the children at admission and this difference in increase in the mean weight and MUAC were found to be statistically significant.Conclusions: Implementation of WHO feeding guidelines resulted in adequate weight gain of inpatient malnourished children, however the frontline workers in the community and health care providers of PHCs should be trained and given hands on training for early identification and referral of SAM cases
ABSTRACT
Background: Our aim was to study the socio demographic determinants of ASHA workers, to study the work profile of the ASHA workers, to assess the knowledge, awareness and practice of their roles and responsibilities in the delivery of health care services and to suggest specific recommendations on the ASHA scheme based on the study findings.Methods: The type of study was a cross sectional study, placed at Khordha district in Odisha. Time Period of this study was March to June 2018. 1218 ASHAs were finally included in the study. On the days of the monthly sector / block level meetings with ASHA workers they were appraised and accordingly a predesigned, pretested questionnaire was implemented to them.Results: Nearly 93% of ASHA workers were trained with module 1 to 5, first AID and DOTs training. Refresher training was given to 34% of ASHA workers, FTD/Malaria training was given to 88.4% of ASHA workers. 1218 (100%) ASHA’s helped in immunization. Majority of them 1199 (98.4%) accompanied delivery cases and 1198 (98.3%) were aware about family planning activities.Conclusions: Activities of ASHA’s should be increased with a corresponding increase in incentives, so that she can get up to Rs. 10000-15000 per month. IEC/BCC skills to ASHA may be built by short course certification. Other services like strengthening the role of ASHA on promotive and preventive health care particularly age at marriage, nutrition, home based care delay in first child birth and spacing between 1st and 2nd birth.